Linux.com | Boot-managing your Linux+Windows box
this should hopefully help you get windows back
linux doesn't like to read AND write to NTFS alot of the time, so to be able to access your files in both linux and windows, an easy way is put a FAT32 partition with your data in, windows in an NTFS and then set up your linux partition and swap file.
i don't know what ubuntu is like with trying to read and write to ntfs, but i know my slackware based installation will allow me to read my ntfs but not write to it
if you want to read the rest of your hard drive, it's just down to searching through the mounted volumes.
but yeah, after setting up the bootloader you might be able to find the drives a bit better.